The economic geology deals with the economic aspects, which is the core of geology. It consists principal exhibits such as abrasives, refractories, pigments, building stones, gemstones, various types of ores, radioactive minerals, coal, lignite and ceramics.

    Abrasives are those materials which are generally employed in industries for grinding, sharpening and polishing purposes. They are broadly divided into natural abrasives and artificial abrasives.

    Natural abrasives include various minerals and rocks. They are divided into three groups namely the high grade abrasives, siliceous abrasives and miscellaneous abrasives. Diamond, corundum, emery and garnet are high grade abrasives. Siliceous abrasives include quartz, quartzite, novaculite, sandstone, flint, chert,  sand, tripoli, pumice, diatomite and quartz mica schist. Miscellaneous abrasives are calcite, dolomite, feldspar, fuller's earth, kaolin, and magnesite, bauxite and talc.

   Abrasives are largely used in industries. The automobile industry is said to be the largest consumer of abrasives.

   Some of the naturally occurring minerals and rocks are used as pigments in the manufacture of paints, plasters, cement, mortar, rubber, plastic, colour washes, linoleum, etc. Some of them are directly used as pigments and some others after burning or subliming them. Some mineral pigments are manufactured from ore minerals such as ilmenite, galena, etc.