National Art Gallery, Government Museum, Chennai (Madras)







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Buddhist Sculptures



Coping Fragment (Period III)

    The sculpture represents the scene of the temptation of the Bodhisattva by Mara.

     The sculpture shows on the right two men entering a gateway. Above there are flying devas. In the next scene, Mara with a belly band, is seated on a throne, and three of his four sons on stools in front of him, looking at the fourth son who is held back by two men, as he hurries away. The top portion of the next scene shows the march of Mara's retinue. The bottom left corner shows Mara twice before an empty throne, which suggests the Buddha. First he attacks the throne with the cudgel in his right hand; and next he prostrates himself before the throne.


     The inscription at the top means, "A coping slab given as gift, by the sharers of the merit, Visaghanika, the wife of Mahatoda, the uncle of Kasami and Yaga".

Coping Fragment (Period III)

 

Cross-bar (Period III)

Cross-bar (Period III)

    The sculpture depicts the story of the transition of the bowl of the Buddha to heaven.

    A number of gods and goddesses are shown clustering round a bowl in a tray carried aloft and adored with great reverence. Nagas, Garudas and Yakshas dance and divine damsels soar above with hands joined in adoration.

 


Fragment of Pillar (Period III)

     The sculpture depicts the story of King Udayana and his queens.

    King Udayana had three wives, viz., Samavati, Magandiya and Vasuladatta. Of these Magandiya disliked Samavati. So she attempted twice to poison the mind of the king against Samavati, but failed. Then she tried the following method and wanted thus to attribute the motive of killing the king to Samavati. She put a snake inside the hollow of the king's Vina and accompanied him to Samavati's house where she released the snake. She pretending to be shocked by the affair, told him that it was the mischief of Samavati. Believing in this concocted story, the king got angry with Samavati and aimed a poisoned arrow at her. The arrow, suprisingly, did not harm her but returned to the king thus proving Samavati's blemishless character. The king realised Samavati's divine nature and prostrated himself before her. She, on the other hand, asked him to take refuge in the Buddha.


    The left one of the three upper panels shows people looking at a snake coming out of a Vina shown on a chair. The central panel shows King Udayana in a furious attitude with a bow in his left hand and his right hand in the posture of taking out an arrow from the quiver. Below him are a women and a fallen down dwarf. The panel on the right shows the queen Samavati calmly bowing, surrounded by her attendants. The broken circular panel below shows the king with a calm countenance holding a circular object in his right hand. The women are bowing.


    The anklets of the queen, the vina and the chair are interesting.

Fragment of Pillar (Period III)

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